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IELTS Writing Task 2 (August 24, 2019)
In many countries today, some people living in “Throw-away Society” where things are used for a short time and then throw away. What are the reasons? What problems does it lead to?
當今許多國家, 人們生活在”丟棄型社會”, 東西只被使用很短時間就被丟棄. 原因是什麽? 會導致什麽問題?
我們先來欣賞一下整篇文章:
題目解析:
本題是典型的Report報告型(每年10%的概率考到這種題型)，話題屬于社會+環保類(最近兩個月連著考環保和動物保護話題).該題的審題關鍵就在于能不能理解“Throw-away Society”丟棄型社會的含義.並且注意題目最後一句的要求,一般報告型題目的問題都是原因+解決方案,而該題是原因+影響.同學們注意不要跑題.
本文采用5段式,首尾2段+主體段3段(2段原因+1段影響)。大家注意下劃線的是高分句型，紅色是高分詞，藍色是連接詞(對表述邏輯關系非常重要)。現在來每段精析：
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段落解析:
One of the most obvious defining features of this modern era is the widespread availability of consumer goods and packaging. While this phenomenon has vastly improved our quality of life, sadly, more and more of these consumable items have a short usage life and end up being quickly discarded.
首段首先介紹現在的大環境和背景,對題目進行了本質性地paraphrase轉述。並且用到了一些亮眼的高分詞彙和句型作爲highlight,印象深刻.
亮點:
the widespread availability of… 某事物普遍的, 廣泛的提供
vastly improve 極大的提高
discard 丟棄, 廢棄
Sadly, more and more of these consumable items have a short usage life and end up being quickly discarded.
本句用到副詞開頭的狀語提前, 不再都是主語開頭, 句式結構變得靈活, 同時用一個sadly巧妙的對前後兩句進行轉折, 所以大家也要學一學, 轉折也不一定很傳統死板的用however, 也可以用到sadly, unfortunately等等
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The main reason many consumables are used only for a short time is a decrease in the cost of production along with an increase in the speed of production. This means that consumables are getting cheaper to purchase and faster to produce. Thus, it is often more cost-effective and convenient for consumers to discard dirty and/or repair broken products and repurchase rather than repair or clean. This occurs frequently in the case of household appliances, as well as all kinds of electronic equipment and devices used in both homes and businesses. When such products are no longer used for any particular reason, they are simply put in the rubbish.
本段是主體段第一段, 先說明了第一個原因: 丟棄成本太低, 使用速度太快. 輔以有力的支持論據和例子.
亮點:
cost-effective 省錢的
household appliances 家用電器 (household=family)
When such products are no longer used for any particular reason, they are simply put in the rubbish.
本句采用被動語態, 以這些物品作主語, 這點很重要, 因爲本段甚至全篇文章都是主要講這些物品怎樣被處理, 但大多數同學在考慮該句的時候都會習慣性的用人作主語的主動語態, 這樣的話句子的焦點就和文章整體不符合了.
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Another reason for our ‘throw-away’ society is the ‘modern’ lifestyle lived by many citizens worldwide. We buy takeaway meals and beverages daily that are routinely served in plastic or paper containers and cups and include eating utensils. As soon as the meal is eaten, all this packaging is thrown away.
本段說明了丟棄的第二個原因: 當代快節奏的生活方式
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Unfortunately, the widespread practice of the constant purchase and disposal of products and materials has resulted in serious environmental problems that are yet to be overcome.
Two of the most concerning issues are firstly, the enormous increase in levels of air and water pollution due to industrial emissions, and secondly, a staggering increase in the amount of rubbish generated globally.
本段主體段第三段, 從環保的角度解釋了問題帶來的兩個影響: 汙染和垃圾量的産生.
亮點:
the widespread practice of… 普遍的做法
enormous increase 極大的增長 (enormous=huge)
staggering increase 加速的增長 (與上句話中的enormous increase避開了重複, 而用到了轉述的手法)
Unfortunately, the widespread practice of the constant purchase and disposal of products and materials has resulted in serious environmental problems that are yet to be overcome.
又是一個狀語提前的句型, unfortunately開頭就非常明確的表明該段傾向是在談negative的事物也就是帶來的problems.
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In conclusion, although many consumer products and materials have made our lives better and are certainly affordable, the practice of using and soon after getting rid of such goods has led to grave environmental issues.
街尾段點題, 收尾呼應, 再次重申了原因和影響. 再次跟大家強調一下結尾段的必要性, 不寫結尾分數會很低. 所以合理安排, 留時間寫結尾段.
亮點:
grave environmental issues 嚴重的環境問題 (不要一提到嚴重的大家就反複用serious, 像grave, severe都是很好的詞)
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