導語：新加坡共和國（Republic of Singapore），簡稱新加坡，別稱爲獅城，是東南亞的一個多元文化的移民國家，促進種族和諧是政府治國的核心政策，新加坡以穩定的政局、廉潔高效的政府而著稱，是全球最國際化的國家之一。新加坡北隔柔佛海峽與馬來西亞爲鄰，南隔新加坡海峽與印度尼西亞相望，毗鄰馬六甲海峽南口。新加坡國土面積721.5萬平方公裏，僅相當于武漢的十二分之一，但人口密度卻是武漢的6倍以上。
早在2020年1月2日，新加坡就發出了肺炎預警，並啓動機場對武漢旅客的體溫檢測。全島擁有800家定點篩查醫院，並形成聯動防禦機制。截止2020年3月1日，新加坡累計確診新冠肺炎患者106人，治愈74人，治療中32人，死亡0人，疫情已經得到了有效控制。
作爲技術專家治國的典範，針對新冠肺炎疫情，新加坡官方實施了一系列防疫政策，主要包括：
1.實施嚴格的出入境管控和隔離措施(LOA/SHN)；
2.將DORSCON（Disease Outbreak Response System Condition) 疫情爆發反應系統等級調高至橙色；
3.對病患追根溯源並每日進行詳細披露；
4.爲受影響的企業和員工提供經濟支持；
5.不論國籍免除新冠肺炎患者治療費用；
6.暫停大型活動，但鼓勵正常的日常生活；
7.提供科學合理的公共衛生建議，在所有公共場所實施體溫檢測。
這些政策實際“外松內緊”，在避免造成民衆恐慌的同時，遏制住了疫情擴散，以下是主要政策具體內容：
隔離措施
Leave of absence (LOA) 強制休假計劃
The Ministry of Health announced that with effect from 31 January 2020 6pm, the following returning groups are to be placed on a 14-day leave of absence (LOA) from the day of their return to Singapore from mainland China:
Residents (Singaporean Citizens/ PRs) with recent travel history to mainland China within the last 14 days; and Long-term pass holders (including Work Passes, Student Pass, Dependent’s Pass and Long-term Visit Pass) with recent travel history to mainland China within the last 14 days.
新加坡衛生部宣布，自2020 年 1 月 31 日下午 6 時起，下列從中國內地返回新加坡的人員，將在到達之日起接受14天強制休假計劃:
最近 14 天內曾到過中國大陸的新加坡公民、永久居民和長期簽證持有者(包括工作簽證、學生簽證、家屬簽證和長期旅遊簽證) 。
Stay-Home Notice (SHN) 居家隔離令
The Multi-Ministry Taskforce introduced a new “Stay-Home Notice” (SHN). This SHN will take effect from 18 February 2020, 23:59 hours, and will apply to all returnees with recent travel history to China (outside Hubei) within the last 14 days.
Under the SHN, they will have to remain in their place of residence at all times during the 14-day period. This is stricter than the existing LOA regime, which had allowed returnees to leave their homes briefly, for example for their meals or to buy household supplies.
聯合領導抗炎跨部門工作小組引入了新的居家隔離令。居家隔離令將從 2020 年 2 月 18 日 23:59 小時開始生效，並將適用于所有在過去 14 天內有中國大陸旅行史的回國人員(湖北以外)。
在 14 天居家隔離期間中，返回者必須時刻留在家中。這比現行的強制休假計劃更爲嚴格（強制休假計劃允許返回者短時間離開家中，例如用餐或購買家庭用品）。
懲罰措施
Those who flout the SHN may face penalties and can be prosecuted under Section 21A of the Infectious Diseases Act.
Foreign workers may have their work passes revoked and be repatriated. Employers too may have their work pass privileges withdrawn. Students may face disciplinary actions from their schools or institutions. PRs, LTVP and Dependant’s Pass (DP) holders may have their Re-Entry Permit, LTVP or DP revoked or the validity shortened.
藐視居家隔離令者可能面臨處罰，並可能根據傳染病法案第 21A 條被起訴。
外籍工人可能被撤銷工作簽證並遣返回國；雇主也可能會被取消他們的工作簽證申請特權；學生可能面臨學校或機構的紀律處分；永久居民、長期訪問簽證持有者及家屬簽證持有者也可能面臨簽證被撤銷或被縮短。
入境措施
From 1 February 2020, 2359h, all new visitors with recent travel history to mainland China within the last 14 days will not be allowed entry into Singapore, or to transit through Singapore.
The issuance of all forms of new visas and visa-free transit facility to those with People’s Republic of China (PRC) passports will be suspended with immediate effect. Previously issued visas for those with PRC passports will also be suspended with immediate effect.
自2020年2月1日23時59分起，禁止所有在過去14天內去過中國大陸的新遊客入境新加坡，也不允許通過新加坡過境。
新加坡移民與關卡局從即日起，暫停簽發新簽證和免簽證過境設施給中華人民共和國護照持有者，之前簽發的簽證也會暫時失效。
From 31 January 2020, Ministry of Manpower will reject all new work pass applications for foreign workers from mainland China until further notice. Renewal applications for existing work pass holders will not be affected.
Workers from mainland China on work passes have to seek prior approval from the Ministry of Manpower (MOM) before they travel back to Singapore.
自2020 年 1 月 31 日起，新加坡人力部將拒絕所有來自中國大陸的外籍工人的新工作簽證申請直至另行通知。現有工作簽證持有者的續期申請不受影響。
從中國大陸返回的工作簽證持有者在返回新加坡之前必須提前獲得人力部批准。
律師解讀：新加坡法律執行向來十分嚴格，自LOA及SHN執行以來，人力部已撤銷了數名外籍工人的工作簽證，將其遣返回國並永久禁止其入境新加坡，同時禁止雇主兩年內再次雇傭外籍員工。近日更有永久居民因違反SHN被撤銷永久居民資格，並永久禁止入境新加坡。正是這些嚴苛的執法，從根源上抑制了新加坡境外輸入病例，從而保證了疫情控制目標。
經濟扶持
Leave of Absence Support Programme (LOASP) 強制休假支持計劃
The Ministry of Manpower will provide support to help businesses and self-employed persons who are affected by the Leave of Absence (LOA) requirements due to COVID-19(1).
Under the Leave of Absence Support Programme (LOASP), eligible employers can apply for $100 daily per affected worker for the required duration of paid LOA granted to the employee……Eligible employers will also qualify for levy waiver for affected foreign workers for the LOA period. Self-employed SCs and PRs who had travelled to mainland China on or before 31 January 2020 and placed themselves on LOA upon their return to Singapore on or after 31 January 2020 can also apply for the daily support of $100.
新加坡人力部將爲因 COVID-19(1)而受到休假規定影響的企業員工和自營職業者提供經濟支持。
根據強制休假支持計劃，符合條件的雇主可爲每名受影響的雇員申請每日 100 新幣的補貼……符合條件的雇主還有資格在強制休假計劃期間免交外籍員工征費。符合條件的自營職業者也可申請每日100新幣的補貼。
Leave of Absence Support Programme Extended To Those Serving Stay-Home Notice 強制休假計劃支持範圍擴展到居家隔離令
From 18 February 2020, 23:59 hours, the Ministry of Manpower will extend the Leave of Absence Support Programme (LOASP) to businesses and self-employed persons affected by Stay-Home Notice (SHN) requirements due to COVID-191.
自2020年2月18日23:59起，新加坡人力部將擴展強制休假支持計劃覆蓋範圍，受到居家隔離令影響的企業員工和自營職業者也可獲得每日 100 新幣補貼。
其他經濟扶持
According to STB Singapore, 2 February 2020, hotels that provided accommodation to suspected and confirmed cases of nCoV infections will get help with their environmental cleaning and disinfection costs. STB will cover up to 50 per cent of third-party professional cleaning fees, which will be backdated to 23 Jan, when the first case of nCoV infection in Singapore was detected.
2020年2月2日，新加坡旅遊局公布政策，將爲疑似和確診新冠病毒患者提供住宿的酒店提供環境清潔和消毒費用支持。旅遊局會支付最高達50%的第三方專業清潔費用。這項政策將追溯到1月23日，即新加坡第一例病例確診時間。
The Hotels Licensing Board will waive licence fees for hotels for the rest of 2020. Similarly, travel agents and tourist guides whose licenses are due for renewal in 2020 will not need to pay to renew their licence fees.
酒店牌照委員會將免除酒店2020年剩余時間內的酒店牌照費。同樣，旅行社和導遊也將被免除2020年度的許可證更新費用。
結語：在疫情發展之初，新加坡的政策曾受到一些質疑，如鼓勵不戴口罩，輕症在家隔離等，但這些都是由新加坡的國情決定的。新加坡是一個工業極其不發達，日常生活和經濟發展高度依賴國際的彈丸小國，物資無法自給自足，口罩更是完全依賴進口，因此必須集中資源優先保障前線醫護人員。而身處國際貿易中心的新加坡無法承受閉關鎖國帶來的經濟創傷，因此在權衡之後選擇了最優解。目前來看，新加坡的政策經受住了疫情的考驗，值得其他國家借鑒和學習。