根據規定，奧運會獲獎運動員的獎勵只有獎牌，國際奧委會不發放獎金。但是一般情況下，運動員所屬國家都會給獲獎運動員發放各種形式的獎勵，包括獎金。不同國家運動員獲得的獎勵差別也非常大。
在本屆東京奧運會的賽場上，菲律賓舉重運動員希迪琳·迪亞茲爲該國贏下了其曆史上第一枚奧運金牌。
Gold medalist Hidilyn Diaz of Philippines (C), silver medalist Liao Qiuyun of China (L) and bronze medalist Zulfiya Chinshanlo of Kazakhstan attend the awarding ceremony of the women’s 55kg weightlifting event of the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo, Japan, July 26, 2021. [Photo/Xinhua]
As a reward for her historic achievement, Diaz will reportedly receive at least 33 million Philippine pesos (around $600,000) from the Philippine Sports Commission as well as the country’s top businessmen. She has also been offered two homes and free flights for life, according to reports.
據報道，迪亞茲將從菲律賓體育委員會以及該國商界巨鳄那裏獲得至少3300萬菲律賓比索（約和人民幣388萬元），作爲對其曆史性成就的獎勵。據報道，她還獲得了兩套住房和終身免費飛行獎勵。
下面就來看看世界各國對奧運健兒的獎勵有多少吧。
Olympic medal bonuses
奧運獎牌獎金
下圖顯示了12個國家的運動員站上領獎台後可獲得的獎金數目：
Why some athletes earn more
爲什麽有些運動員掙得更多
The US Olympic and Paralympic Committee rewards athletes $37,500 for every gold medal won, $22,500 for silver and $15,000 for bronze. Most of that prize money is not taxable unless athletes report gross income that exceeds $1 million.
美國奧運和殘奧委員會對運動員的獎勵是：每獲一枚金牌獎勵37500美元（約合人民幣24.2萬元），銀牌22500美元（約合人民幣14.5萬元），銅牌15000美元（約合人民幣9.7萬元）。除非運動員申報的總收入超過100萬美元（約合人民幣647萬元），否則大部分獎金不征稅。
US athletes also receive other forms of support including health insurance, access to top-tier medical facilities and college tuition assistance.
美國運動員還能獲得其他形式的贊助，包括醫療保險、最好的醫療條件和大學學費補助。
In comparison, Singapore rewards its gold medalists nearly 20 times more than the US Players who clinch their first individual gold medal for the city-state stand to receive 1 million Singapore dollars ($737,000). The prize money is taxable and awardees are required to return a portion of it to their national sports associations for future training and development.
相比之下，新加坡對奧運冠軍的獎勵幾乎超過美國選手的20倍，獲得個人首金的運動員可獲得100萬新加坡元（約合人民幣476萬元）。獎金需要納稅，獲獎者需要將一部分獎金退還給新加坡國家體育協會，作爲將來培訓和發展之用。
Malaysia also has hefty rewards for its Olympic winners.
馬來西亞也爲奧運冠軍提供了豐厚的獎勵。
Athletes who win gold receive 1 million ringgit ($236,149), while silver winners are awarded 300,000 ringgit, and 100,000 ringgit is given to athletes who win bronze. In dollar terms, a Malaysian Olympic bronze winner will receive a higher performance reward than a gold winner from Australia or Canada.
奧運冠軍運動員將獲得100萬林吉特（約合人民幣153萬元），銀牌得主將獲得30萬林吉特，銅牌得主將獲得10萬林吉特。以美元計算，馬來西亞的奧運會銅牌得主獲得的獎金會比澳大利亞或加拿大的金牌得主還高。
China’s Yang Qian takes aim during the women’s 10-meter air rifle competition at Asaka Shooting Range at the Tokyo 2020 Olympics in Japan on Saturday. [Photo/Xinhua]
How athletes make money
運動員如何賺錢
Beyond receiving monetary and non-monetary rewards from their countries for winning medals, Olympians rely on other revenue streams for their sporting endeavors.
除了從本國獲得獎牌獎金和非金錢獎勵外，奧運選手還依賴其他收入來源進行體育活動。
Athletes from bigger, more competitive countries receive stipends or training grants from their national sports associations. Top performers collect prize money by winning national and international tournaments. Others draw regular salary by holding a variety of jobs.
實力強國的運動員從其國家體育協會獲得津貼或訓練補助金。頂級選手通過贏得全國錦標賽和國際錦標賽獲得獎金。其他人則從事各種工作獲得固定工資。
A handful of athletes may score multimillion dollar endorsements or sponsorship deals, either before competing at the Olympics or after achieving success in the Games. For example, tennis star Naomi Osaka reportedly made $55 million from endorsements in 12 months, and was named the highest-paid female athlete ever, according to reports.
少數運動員在參加奧運會之前或在奧運會取得成功之後，可能會獲得數百萬美元的代言費或贊助。例如，據報道，網球明星大阪直美在12個月內通過代言賺了5500萬美元（約合人民幣3.56億元），並被評爲有史以來收入最高的女運動員。
Naomi Osaka of Japan celebrates winning against Victoria Azarenka of Belarus in the women’s singles final match on day 13 of the 2020 US Open tennis tournament at USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center in New York, US on Sept 12, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]
But scoring lucrative deals is rare, and hardly the norm.
但這樣的高收入是很少見的，也很難成爲常態。
One profitable career move for some athletes is to go into coaching after retirement as people are willing to pay a premium for former Olympians.
對于一些運動員來說，退役後從事教練工作是一個不錯的職業發展路徑，因爲人們願意爲前奧運會選手支付高額費用。
來源：CNBC編輯：董靜
來源：中國日報網