數千年來，越南等儒家文化圈內的國家一直深受中華文明的影響，但近年越南國內正掀起一股“去中國化”的浪潮，他們認爲越南文明是獨立發展起來的，來自新加坡的網友在海外問答網站Quora上提問道：爲什麽許多越南人相信越南曆史要比中國悠久得多？這引起各國網友的圍觀和熱議。
問題：爲什麽許多越南人相信越南曆史要比中國長得多？
新加坡網友Patrick Koh的回答
Hahaha, this question is so interesting. You should be careful when answering this question, because it is easy to be reported by Vietnamese media and regarded as a water army attacking Vietnamese culture.
哈哈哈哈，這個問題太有趣了，大家在回答這個問題時應該小心一點，因爲很容易被越南媒體報道引用，當作攻擊越南文化的水軍。
1. Vietnamese people say that they have tens of thousands of years of human activities and civilization dating back to thousands of years BC. They have gone through many dynasties. Even Vietnam’s territory includes China south of the Yangtze River.
1.越南人說他們有數萬年人類活動的曆史，還有追溯到公元前幾千年的文明，曆經多個王朝，甚至越南的國土包括長江以南的中國。
That’s strange. Why doesn’t such a powerful civilization have its own words?
那就很奇怪了，爲什麽如此強大的文明沒有自己的文字？
Since 3 BC, Vietnam has always used Chinese characters for recording and communication in official archives. When you visit Vietnam, you can still see inscriptions written in Chinese characters on a large number of Vietnamese monuments.
自公元前3年以來，越南在官方檔案文件中始終使用漢字進行記錄和交流，當你訪問越南時，仍然可以在大量越南紀念碑上看到用漢字書寫的碑文。
The standard to measure a civilization is whether it has written records in its own language. Does Vietnam have it?
衡量一個文明的標准是是否擁有用本國文字寫就的書面記錄，越南有嗎？
It’s like the North Koreans found a hill in Pyongyang, dug a hole, said it was the tomb of an emperor 5000 years ago, and then dug out a person’s fingernails in it. The carbon measurement has a history of 3000 years, and explained that the fingernails were left by the grave robbers. What kind of grave robbers would cut their fingernails when stealing the tomb?
這就像朝鮮人在平壤發現一座小山，挖了一個洞，說這是5000年前一個皇帝的陵墓，然後又在裏邊挖出了一個人的指甲，碳素測定有三千年曆史，並解釋說指甲是摸金校尉留下的，什麽樣的盜墓者會在盜墓時剪指甲？
Vietnam itself also recognizes the historical facts as a part of China in history. From the Han Dynasty in BC to the Song Dynasty a thousand years ago, northern Vietnam has been ruled by the Chinese dynasty for thousands of years, belonging to China’s administrative divisions. It began to become independent as a vassal state after the Song Dynasty.
越南本身也承認曆史上作爲中國一部分的史實，越南北部從公元前的漢朝到一千年前的宋朝，曆經千年，都由中國王朝進行統治，屬于中國的行政區劃，在宋朝後才開始獨立作爲一個藩屬國。
For nearly 2000 years from the era of AD, the official use of Vietnamese characters was orthodox, while the folk characters evolved from Chinese characters.
從公元時代開始，近兩千年的時間裏，越南官方使用的是正統漢字，民間漢字則是由漢字演變而來的。
2. In order to explain the dilemma of the lack of Vietnamese characters, a Vietnamese historian later proposed that the Chinese characters were invented by the Vietnamese and then taken over by the Han people to China.
2.爲了解釋越南文字缺乏的窘境，一位越南曆史學家竟然隨後提出，漢字是越南人發明的，然後被漢族人收歸中國所有。
I seem to remember that Koreans also said that Chinese characters were invented by Koreans, so the question is whether Chinese characters were invented by Koreans or Vietnamese. This is another dispute. Vietnamese need to argue with Koreans about ownership first.
我似乎記得韓國人也說過漢字是韓國人發明的，所以問題是漢字是韓國人還是越南人發明的，這算是另一個爭議，越南人需要和韓國人先爭論一下歸屬權。
Vietnamese said they controlled China south of the Yangtze River in ancient times. Koreans said their ancient territory included the north of the Yangtze River. Where did the Chinese thrive? Have they disappeared from the earth?
越南人說他們在古代控制了長江以南的中國，韓國人說他們的古代領土包括長江以北，那中國人在哪裏繁衍生息？他們從地球上消失了嗎？
3. Vietnamese biologists are also actively proving that Vietnamese have nothing to do with China. In 2019, a study by a Vietnamese private organization concluded that Vietnamese and Thais are related by blood and are indigenous peoples in Southeast Asia.
3.越南生物學家也在積極證明越南人與中國無關，2019年，一家越南私人機構的一項研究得出結論，越南人和泰國人是有血緣聯系的，都是東南亞的土著民族。
However, the Thais themselves admit that their ancestors came from the Yunnan Guizhou Plateau in Yunnan Province of China, where there are still ethnic groups with the same origin as the Thais, known as the “Dai nationality”.
然而，泰國人自己都承認，他們的祖先來自中國雲南省的雲貴高原，那裏至今仍然有和泰國人同出一脈的民族，被稱爲“傣族”。
Are Vietnamese scientists trying to tell us that there is biological evidence that Vietnamese come from Yunnan Province of China?
越南科學家是否試圖告訴我們，有生物學證據表明越南人來自中國的雲南省？
4. In addition to the so-called archaeological excavation, archaeologists found human fossils tens of thousands of years ago in Vietnam. Then in Yunnan, not far from Vietnam, they found the fossils of Yuanmou people 1.7 million years ago. The Javanese on Java island in Indonesia can be traced back to about 1.8 million years ago.
4.再說說所謂的考古發掘，考古學家在越南發現了數萬年前的人類化石，那麽在離越南不遠的雲南，早就發現了170萬年前的元謀人的化石，印尼爪哇島上的爪哇人可以追溯到大約180萬年前。
Based on the existing technical measurement errors and other reasons, it may be difficult to determine the true sequence of the above ancient humans, but these ancient humans can be traced back to about 1.7 million years or 1.8 million years ago.
基于現有的技術測量誤差等原因，可能很難確定上述遠古人類的真實序列，但這些遠古人類可以追溯到大約170萬年或180萬年前是可以確定的。
However, it is certain that all these discoveries are much older than the remains found in Vietnam.
然而，可以肯定的是，所有這些發現都比在越南發現的遺骸要古老得多。
So, have Vietnamese archaeologists figured out which species of people to recognize as their ancestors?
那麽，越南考古學家有沒有想清楚把哪一個人種認作祖先呢？
When studying the history of human development, we must respect science and historical records, not today’s people, who create history and tamper with it at will according to their so-called personal feelings.
在研究人類發展史時，我們必須尊重科學和曆史記錄，而不是今天的人們，他們根據自己所謂的個人情感，隨意創造曆史並加以篡改。
馬來西亞網友Lucia Millar 的回答
Vietnamese people create history because they take it for granted that China is famous for its long history and agricultural culture, and Vietnam is very similar to China to some extent. Therefore, Vietnamese nationalists think they can emulate China’s way of gaining world attention, and claim that Vietnam has a longer history than China.
越南人之所以創造曆史，是因爲他們想當然地認爲中國以其悠久的曆史和農業文化而聞名，越南在某種程度上和中國相似度極高，故而，越南民族主義者認爲他們可以效仿中國這種獲得世界關注的方式，並據此聲稱越南曆史比中國更加悠久。
I want to tell the Vietnamese that Chinese civilization is the youngest of the four ancient civilizations. Chinese civilization is not even as old as Indian civilization. Similarly, the United States is only 200 years old, but it is the most famous country in the history of the earth.
我想告訴越南人，中華文明是四大古代文明中最年輕的一個，中國文明甚至不如印度文明古老。同樣的道理，美國只有200年的曆史，但它是地球曆史上最著名的國家。
More than 100 years ago, in the collision between agricultural civilization and industrial civilization, China fell behind in the trend of world development. Today, more than 100 years later, China has the largest number of stem students trained every year in the world. Thanks to the huge talent reserve, China has developed rapidly. Obviously, advanced productivity is the key to China’s influence.
100多年前，在農業文明和工業文明的碰撞中，中國在世界發展的潮流中掉隊了。100多年後的今天，中國每年培訓的STEM學生數量是世界上最多的，得益于巨大的人才儲備，中國發展迅速，顯然，先進的生産力是中國影響力的關鍵。
On the Internet, many fanatical Vietnamese nationalists claim that the south of the Yangtze River used to be Vietnam’s territory. They are sure to take back this land. Some of them even say that they want to fight China most in their life.
在網絡上，許多狂熱的越南民族主義者聲稱，長江以南曾經是越南的領土，他們肯定會奪回這片土地，其中一些人甚至口出狂言，他們一生中最想與中國作戰。
Even if Vietnam is a small country, this idea should not be ignored, which reminds me of Japan in World War II. Because it has been suppressed by China for thousands of years, the temptation of “replacing China” to Japanese nationalists is so strong that once its nationalist mood gets out of control, it will bring extremely terrible disaster.
即使越南是一個小國，這個想法也不應該被忽視，這使我想到二戰中的日本，由于被中國壓制了數千年，“取代中國”對日本民族主義者的誘惑如此強烈，一旦其民族主義情緒失控，將帶來極其可怕的災難。
Perhaps in the eyes of Vietnamese nationalists, the scene of killing and ravaging Chinese people has been simulated countless times in their minds. Therefore, the Chinese people should pay attention to the ideological trend of Vietnamese nationalists, actively pay taxes to the Chinese government and build more warships to dispel Vietnam’s idea of provoking China.
也許在越南民族主義者的心目中，屠戮和蹂躏中國人的場景已經在腦海中模擬了無數遍，因此，中國人應該重視越南民族主義者的思想動向，積極向中國政府納稅，建造更多軍艦，以打消越南挑釁中國的念頭。
越南曆史專家洪太宗的回答
Each country has its own historical legends and records based on facts or legends, which will undoubtedly be controversial if someone tries to compare which country has a longer history than others. However, Vietnam’s national identity existed or appeared before the formation of Chinese national identity.
每個國家都有自己基于事實或傳奇故事的曆史傳說和記錄，如果有人試圖比較哪個國家的曆史比其他國家更長，這毫無疑問將引發爭議。然而，越南的民族認同在中國民族認同形成之前就已經存在或出現了。
The Han Empire, the central kingdom that established and ruled China, was founded in 206 B.C. and collapsed in 220 A.D. this Dynasty gave the name of the Han nationality, the main ethnic group in China.
建立並統治中國的中央王國漢帝國成立于公元前206年，覆滅于公元220年，這個王朝給予了中國主體民族—漢族的名稱。
However, the word “Vietnam” existed for a long time before the establishment of the Han nationality. Judging from the history of Vietnam, the Jin Yue nationality directly originated from the lac Yue tribe and the Ao Yue tribe. Today, a large number of descendants of the Bach Yue tribe live in southern China and northern Vietnam.
然而，“越南”一詞在漢族建立之前已經存在了很久。從越南的曆史來看，金越民族直接起源于拉克-越部落和凹-越部落—，今天大量巴赫-越部落的後代生活在中國南部和越南北部。
They are the founders of Dongsen culture in the bronze age. The cultural relics have been found in Vietnam and southern China for thousands of years from 1000 BC to the first century AD.
他們是青銅時代東森文化的創建者，該文化遺迹從公元前1000年到公元一世紀，曆經千年，在越南和中國南方發現了許多制造于這一期間的文物。
When comparing the Chinese civilization with the Vietnamese civilization, anyone will mention the Yellow Emperor, or Xuanyuan, the ancestor of the Chinese civilization. The Yellow Emperor was not born when Kim deong vieng of Vietnam (3000-2900 BC) was born, while the king of Jingyang of Vietnam, or “King D ơ NG) led all regions south of the Yangtze River at that time.
當比較華夏文明和越南文明時，任何人都會提及華夏文明始祖黃帝，或稱爲軒轅， 越南的金·德昂·維昂（公元前3000年至2900年）出生時黃帝還沒有出生，而越南的涇陽王，或稱“金德榮國王（Kinh Dơng）在當時領導著長江以南的所有地區。
Many Vietnamese scholars and researchers can prove that Vietnam’s yin-yang theory comes from the south of the Yangtze River. For example, Lao Tzu once preached by riding a buffalo. At that time, buffalo could only be found in Vietnam.
許多越南學者和研究人員都能證明越南的陰陽學說來自江南，例如老子曾經騎水牛講學布道，那時候水牛只有在越南才能找到。
This is why the culture of southern China is similar to that of Vietnam.
這就是中國南部地區的文化與越南相似的原因。
I hope young Chinese people can respect all kinds of cultures from neighboring countries, and I hope this answer can help and change some of their inherent concepts.
希望年輕的中國人可以尊重來自周邊國家的各色文化，也希望這個答案能幫助並改變他們的一些固有觀念。