越南對外政策和方針是開放、全方位、多樣化的獨立自主外交路線，一直努力融入國際社會、搞好周邊關系、妥善處理與大國之間的關系，但民間情緒畢竟不像外交政策那樣理性，在美版知乎Quora上，外國網友提問道：越南人最欽佩哪個國家？這引起了越南網友的關注，他們紛紛作答，各有偏好。
問題：越南最欽佩哪個國家？
越南網友阮笏音的回答
In short, I only appreciate two countries: China and South Korea. Strictly speaking, it is limited to appreciation rather than worship.
簡單地說，我只欣賞兩個國家：中國和韓國。嚴謹地說，僅限于欣賞而不是膜拜。
Both China and South Korea have achieved amazing development in just one or two generations, surpassing many countries that used to be much richer than them. They have provided us with valuable experience and lessons for Vietnam’s development path. We hope and are actively trying to emulate their successful experience. We can see that China and South Korea are everywhere in our government’s initiatives.
中國和韓國都在短短一到兩代人的時間裏取得了驚人的發展，超過了許多曾經比它們富裕得多的國家。他們爲我們越南的發展道路提供了非常寶貴的經驗教訓，我們希望並正在積極努力效仿他們的成功經驗，可以看到我們政府得各項舉措到處都有中韓兩國得影子。
Not to mention their cultural influence in Vietnam. I like the music and drama of China and South Korea every day. Frankly speaking, China and South Korea are the two countries with the most similar culture to Vietnam in the world. Therefore, it is natural for us to consume their cultural products. In particular, the way South Korea promotes its culture is worth learning.
更不用說他們在越南的文化影響了。我本人每天都喜歡中國和韓國的音樂和戲劇，坦率地說，中國和韓國是世界上與越南文化最相似的兩個國家，因此消費他們的文化産品對我們來說有種天然得親近感。尤其是韓國推廣其文化的方式值得學習。
韓流文化
Vietnamese are highly nationalists. Seeing that countries similar to us in culture have successfully publicized and infiltrated their culture into the world has stimulated our sense of urgency to do something for our country.
越南人是高度民族主義者，看到在文化上與我們相似的國家成功地向世界宣傳和滲透他們的文化，激發了我們想要爲國家做些事情的緊迫感。
Yes, their national self-esteem is what I admire very much.
是的，他們的民族自尊心是我非常欽佩的地方。
Note that “admiration” here is not equal to “worship”. China and South Korea have not done some bad things to Vietnam. We still clearly remember our history and what they have done to us, and we are also well aware of their views on us, which are not suitable to be mentioned here.
注意這裏的“佩服”並不等同于“崇拜”。中國和韓國並不是沒有對越南做過一些糟糕的事情。我們仍然清楚地記得我們的曆史和他們對我們所做的一切，我們也很清楚他們對我們的看法，這些不適合在這裏提及。
In short, Vietnamese resentment and admiration for China and South Korea have reached the extreme. Vietnamese people appreciate Chinese and Korean more and more. They make Vietnamese realize that we must work harder for our country.
簡言之，越南人對中國和韓國的怨恨和欽佩都達到了極致。越南人越來越欣賞中國人和韓國人，他們讓越南人意識到爲了自己的國家，我們必須更加努力地工作。
越南網友黎明倫的回答
My previous answer has pointed out some Vietnamese favorites, such as Japan, the United States and even China. If we only consider culture, I would say Cuba.
我之前的答案已經指出了一些越南人的最愛，比如日本、美國，甚至中國，如果我們只考慮文化的話，我會說是古巴。
Some people will ask, why do Vietnamese like Cuba? After all, the two countries are far apart.
有人會問，爲什麽越南人喜歡古巴？畢竟兩國天南海北，相隔甚遠。
Because the two countries have no complex historical disputes, no invasion plans and no hostility to each other. The only thing Cuba has done to Vietnam is to support Vietnam in the past and now, and actively support Vietnam on international issues. Why not love it?
因爲兩國沒有複雜的曆史糾葛，彼此沒有入侵計劃，也沒有敵意。古巴對越南所做的唯一一件事就是過去和現在都在支持越南，在國際問題上積極聲援越南，爲什麽不愛呢？
In the eyes of the Vietnamese, other popular countries have some really well-known shortcomings. The United States condemns racism, past despicable wars and recent “suspicious” actions, including participation in several coups and the resurgence of anti communist ideas.
在越南人的眼中，其他廣受歡迎的國家都有一些真正衆所周知的缺點。美國飽受譴責的種族主義、過去的卑鄙戰爭和最近的“可疑”行動，其中包括參與幾次政變和反共思潮死灰複燃。
France will not be missed at any time during the Vietnam War, except for those with very poor moral standards. Today, “France is still collecting colonial taxes”
越南戰爭的任何時候也都不會懷念法國，除了那些道德標准非常糟糕的人，時至今日“法國仍在征收殖民稅”。
In recent years, Japanese society has lost its reputation for being good at marketing, and paid some scholars to sing praises to them.
近年來，日本社會因善于營銷而名聲掃地，花錢雇傭一些學者給他們唱贊歌。
Similarly, South Korea has always been controversial in Vietnam. Although people will say that they generally like Korean current culture, it varies from person to person, and many people hate the hypocrisy of South Korean celebrities.
同樣，韓國在越南一直很有爭議，盡管人們會說他們總體上喜歡韓流文化，但因人而異，也不乏很多人討厭韓國名人的僞娘做派。
Germany is a good benchmark, but until recently, there was little meaningful interaction between Vietnam and Germany.
德國是一個不錯的標杆，但是直到最近，越南和德國之間幾乎沒有什麽有意義的互動。
Fidel Castro is regarded as a devil by Americans, but in Vietnam, people will miss his voice and appearance and his famous saying: “Cuba is ready to sacrifice itself and shed blood for Vietnam”. For the Vietnamese, this is Cuba’s commitment to support Vietnam, and Vietnam is ready to do the same.
菲德爾·卡斯特羅，美國人視他爲惡魔，但在越南，人們會懷念他的音容笑貌和他的名言：“爲了越南，古巴准備犧牲自己，抛頭顱灑熱血”。對越南人來說，這是古巴將支持越南的承諾，越南也准備這樣做。
There are other beautiful places in Cuba: beautiful scenery, beautiful cigars, beautiful women and first-class medical services.
古巴還有其他美好的地方：美麗的風景，漂亮的雪茄，漂亮的女人和一流的醫療服務。
古巴風情
I urge Vietnamese people to seriously understand the relationship between Vietnam and Cuba. You will have a feeling that there is a friendship beyond brotherhood.
我勸越南人認真地了解一下越南和古巴的關系，你會有一種感覺，那裏有某種超越兄弟的情誼。
越南網友黃盛永的回答
On the whole, Vietnamese admire China most. With a long ancient history, a large country, rapid development, modern cities, ancient buildings and culture, and the only Asian country that can challenge us. Note: admiration does not mean they like China. However, most people admire China’s achievements.
從總體上看，越南人最欽佩中國。悠久的古代曆史、大國、快速發展、現代化的城市、古老的建築和文化，以及唯一一個能夠挑戰我們的亞洲國家。注：佩服並不意味著他們喜歡中國，然而，中國的成就受到大多數人的欽佩。
The second place will be the United States, which is an economic power and the most powerful country in the world. Apple, Google, Microsoft and other companies are home to advanced technology and rich resources.
第二名將是美國，它是經濟大國、世界上最強大的國家。蘋果、谷歌、微軟等公司的故鄉，技術先進，資源豐富。
The third place is South Korea. The country is small and the economy is large. Rebuilt from the ruins of war, it is now very rich and one of Vietnam’s largest sources of investment.
第三名是韓國。國家小，經濟大。從戰爭廢墟上重建，現在很富有，是越南最大的投資來源地之一。
The fourth is Russia. Russia cancelled Vietnam’s debt and provided a lot of help to Vietnam. It is a very generous country and is also very strong in technology and military.
第四個是俄羅斯。俄羅斯取消了越南債務，並向越南提供了大量幫助，它是一個非常慷慨的國家，在技術和軍事上也很強大。
Finally, Germany. Germans are known as smart and hardworking people. It is no coincidence that more and more Vietnamese companies choose to cooperate with Germany.
最後是德國。德國人聰明勤勞，越來越多的越南公司選擇與德國合作並非巧合。
Honorary award: Singapore, a small country with few people, is the most modern country in Southeast Asia.
榮譽獎：新加坡，小國寡民，是東南亞最現代化的國家。
來自胡志明市的網友安德魯的回答
We admire many countries, but we publicly announce that Japan and the Soviet Union are the most admired. For the Soviet Union, I don’t think I have to explain why, because many countries admire the Soviet Union.
我們欽佩許多國家，但我們公開宣布最受欽佩的是日本和蘇聯。對于蘇聯，我不認爲我必須解釋爲什麽，因爲許多國家都欽佩蘇聯。
Our admiration for Japan began with the Meiji Restoration. Until today, we still regard it as an incentive to improve ourselves.
我們對日本的敬仰始于明治維新，直到今天，我們仍然將其視爲提升自我的激勵對象。
At the beginning of the 20th century, we even launched ĒĒĒ The Du movement called intellectuals and students to study in Japan and bring their knowledge to Vietnam. During the two world wars, although their aggression led to the deadly famine in Vietnam, we still don’t hate them. We are shocked by the absolute bravery and suicidal hospice care of their soldiers in battle.
在20世紀初，我們甚至發起了ĒĒĒDu運動，召集知識分子和學生到日本學習，並將他們的知識帶到越南。在兩次世界大戰期間，雖然他們的侵略導致了越南的致命饑荒，但我們仍然不恨他們，他們的士兵在戰鬥中的絕對勇猛和自殺式的臨終關懷令我們震驚。
Vietnam was deeply impressed by the way Japan recovered from the war and prospered again after World War II. With Japan’s help and investment in Vietnam and the export of their adult culture, Vietnamese people love this country more and more.
二戰後，日本從戰爭中恢複並再次繁榮的方式給越南留下了深刻印象，隨著日本在越南的幫助和投資，以及他們成人文化的輸出，越南人越來越喜愛這個國家。
越南網友陳明玉的回答
To put it bluntly: at present, only a few countries make Vietnamese feel the closest ties. History shows that things may change over time, and each Vietnamese may have different preferences. It may also depend on where the Vietnamese live. (for example, Vietnamese in the United States may feel closest to the United States). Here are my views:
直截了當地說：目前，只有少數幾個國家讓越南人感覺到最親密的聯系。曆史表明，隨著時間的推移，情況可能會發生變化，每個越南人可能有不同的偏好。這也可能取決于越南人住在哪裏。（例如，在美國的越南人可能會覺得與美國最親近）。以下是我的觀點：
The first is Japan. In terms of culture, China, South Korea and Japan may be the countries closest to Vietnam. There is no doubt that after 1000 years of rule, Vietnamese culture is deeply influenced by the Chinese people. However, due to the bloody history between Vietnam and ancient Chinese dynasties, the Sino Vietnamese war in 1979 and the recent South China Sea dispute, many Vietnamese remain vigilant against China.
首先是日本。就文化而言，中國、韓國和日本可能是最接近越南的國家。毋庸置疑，經過1000年的統治，越南文化深受中國人的影響。然而，由于越南和中國古代王朝之間的血腥曆史、1979年的邊境摩擦以及最近的南海爭端，許多越南人仍然對中國保持警惕。
For South Korea, Vietnamese still remember the atrocities of the South Korean army during the Vietnam War and a long series of massacres and rapes. How Vietnamese workers are abused by Korean bosses and how Vietnamese women are abused by Korean husbands are not uncommon in the news. South Korea may be the largest foreign investor in Vietnam, but the economy alone is not enough to make up for these facts.
對韓國來說，越南人仍然記得韓國軍隊在越南戰爭期間的暴行，以及一長串屠殺和強奸事件。越南工人如何被韓國老板虐待，越南婦女如何被韓國丈夫虐待，在新聞中也並不少見。韓國可能是越南最大的外國投資者，但光是經濟方面還不足以彌補這些事實。
On the contrary, although Japan briefly occupied Vietnam during World War II and caused Vietnam famine in 1945, great changes have taken place in Japan after the war, and now it seems to pose no threat to Vietnam. In fact, Vietnamese admire Japanese achievements, technology and culture.
相反，盡管日本在二戰期間短暫占領越南，並在1945年造成越南饑荒，但戰後日本發生了很大變化，如今似乎對越南沒有構成威脅。事實上，越南人欽佩日本人的成就、技術和文化。
To be honest, we usually find that there are many common values between the two cultures. In the media, the news about Vietnam and Japan is quite positive, mainly about the relations between the two countries, the amount of Japanese investment and assistance in Vietnam and so on.
說實話，我們通常會發現兩種文化之間有很多共同的價值觀。在媒體上，關于越南和日本的新聞是相當積極的，主要是關于兩國關系，日本在越南投資和援助了多少資金等等。
Second, the Soviet Union or Russia. There is no doubt that we were like-minded socialist brothers. During the war, the Soviet Union and China were clearly Vietnam’s best supporters. From 1954 to now, Vietnam still receives support and assistance from Russia (the former Soviet Union).
第二，蘇聯或俄羅斯。毫無疑問，我們曾是志同道合的社會主義兄弟。在戰爭期間，蘇聯和中國顯然是越南最好的支持者，從1954年到現在，越南仍然得到俄羅斯（前蘇聯）的支持和援助。
Military equipment and consultants, infrastructure, food, medicine, everything. For Vietnamese, Russia is still a country we can trust, but when Russia continues to provoke western countries and bully little Ukraine, we are also full of uncertainty about the future relationship between the two countries.
軍事裝備和顧問，基礎設施，食品，醫藥，應有盡有。對越南人來說，俄羅斯仍然是我們可以信任的國家，但當俄羅斯不斷挑釁西方國家並欺負小烏克蘭時，我們對兩國未來的關系也充滿不確定性。
After decades of close relations with Cuba, the situation with Vietnam may have changed a lot. The two countries are too far apart to adopt different foreign policies at present.
古巴過去可能與越南關系密切，但幾十年後情況發生了很大變化，越南年輕一代現在幾乎對古巴一無所知。這兩個國家相距太遠，目前各自采取不同的外交政策。
Third, it may be Laos. In terms of geographical location, Laos and Cambodia should occupy two places on the list. However, history has proved that Laos is the only country we can trust in these two countries.
第三，可能是老撾。就地理位置而言，老撾和柬埔寨應該在名單上占據兩個位置，然而，曆史證明，在這兩個國家中，老撾是我們唯一可以信任的國家。
In fact, the Vietnamese people usually regard Laos as our brother and have respect for the country that fought side by side with us during the war. By contrast, what the rogue Khmer did to Vietnam in 1979 and the fact that Cambodia is a close ally of China (past and present) have kept them away from Vietnam.
事實上，越南人民通常將老撾視爲我們的兄弟，並對在戰爭期間與我們並肩作戰的國家懷有敬意。相比之下，無賴的高棉人在1979年對越南所做的一切，以及柬埔寨是中國的親密好友（過去和現在）的事實，使他們遠離越南。
Just look at quora and you can easily see that Cambodians have raised a lot of hostile questions about Vietnam, but the Lao people have not.
只要看一眼Quora，你就很容易發現柬埔寨人對越南提出了大量懷有敵意的問題，但老撾人卻沒有。
旅居越南的蒙古網友的回答
1. Most Vietnamese admire the diligence and high sense of responsibility of the Japanese. Hard work and loyalty to the company are also characteristics that underdeveloped countries need to learn and follow. It is obvious that the products made in Japan are also very high-quality.
1.大多數越南人非常欽佩日本人的勤奮和高度責任感，努力工作和對公司的忠誠也是欠發達國家需要學習和遵循的一個特點，“日本制造”的産品顯然也是非常優質的。
But maybe it’s the impression left over by history that the Japanese always give me a feeling of yin and Ji. Maybe it’s like what the Chinese say to the Japanese: there are small rites but no great righteousness.
但或許是曆史遺留下得印象，日本人總給我一種很陰鸷得感覺，或許這就像中國人給日本人評語所說得那樣：有小禮而無大義。
2. The Vietnamese people admire the ancient civilization of the Chinese people. After all, Vietnamese culture is deeply influenced by Chinese civilization. Many inventions in the world also come from China. They are good businessmen.
2.越南人民欽佩中國人民的古老文明，畢竟越南文化受到中國文明極深的影響，世界上許多發明也源自中國，他們是做生意的好手。
3. Vietnamese have a deep love for Korean films and K-pop. They like popular products such as Samsung mobile phones, cosmetics, Hyundai and Kia’s automobile manufacturing technology. Recently, with coach Park Heng soo’s great contribution to the Vietnamese national football team, the Vietnamese people admire the Korean people more and more.
韓國汽車業
3.越南人對韓國電影和k-pop的喜愛程度很深，喜歡三星手機、化妝品、現代和起亞的汽車制造技術等流行産品。最近，隨著教練樸恒洙對越南國家足球隊的巨大貢獻，越南人民越來越欽佩韓國人民。
4. Vietnamese admire the freedom of Americans and their superiority in the production of national defense equipment.
4.越南人欽佩美國人的自由，以及在國防裝備生産方面的優越性。
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